Author(s): Ratemi M; Gardner MPH;

Hierarchical associations help animals navigate the environment by using contextual and latent states to guide learning and behavior. Chemogenetic inactivation in an occasion setting task reveals that orbitofrontal cortex is essential for implementing a hierarchical task structure, yet both orbitofrontal cortex and dorsal hippocampus are required for new ...

Article GUID: 39626624

Author(s): Sandstrom A; Radomsky AS;

Background and objectives: Cognitive models of OCD posit that dysfunctional beliefs contribute to the maintenance of symptoms. In addition to well-established belief domains, beliefs about losing control has been identified as a novel cognitive domain which may influence OCD phenomena, including other dysfunctional beliefs. However, the exact nature of th ...

Article GUID: 39626976

Author(s): Alinia Z; Abdulhamied E; Selmani S; Miclette Lamarche R; Eichhorn SH; DeWolf CE;

Control over the orientation of polycyclic aromatic dyes in thin films is paramount to tailoring their optical, electronic, and mechanical properties. Their supramolecular assembly in films is tuned here by converting the macrocyclic dyes to large amphiphiles. Two octaalkythio-substituted tetraazaporphyrins (TAPs) with one 5-carboxypentyl and one pentyl o ...

Article GUID: 39623767

Author(s): Meyer C; Schoettner K; Amir S;

Circadian dysfunction caused by exposure to aberrant light-dark conditions is associated with abnormal alcohol consumption in humans and animal models. Changes in drinking behavior have been linked to alterations in clock gene expression in reward-related brain areas, which could be attributed to either the effect of chronodisruption or alcohol. To date, ...

Article GUID: 39624490

Author(s): Olajide OJ; Batallán Burrowes AA; da Silva IF; Bergdahl A; Chapman CA;

Reductions in circulating estrogens can contribute to cognitive decline, in part by impairing mitochondrial function within the hippocampal region. The entorhinal cortex provides the hippocampus with its main cortical input and, to assess the impact of estrogen deficiency on mitochondrial respiration and synaptic proteins in the entorhinal cortex, wildtyp ...

Article GUID: 39617168

Author(s): Sinno S; MacInnis G; Lessard JP; Ziter CD;

Urbanization is a leading threat to biodiversity, but scientifically informed management of urban ecosystems can mitigate negative impacts. For wild bees, which are declining worldwide, careful consideration of flower choice in public and private green spaces could help preserve their diversity. While floral density and species richness are both linked to ...

Article GUID: 39609370

Author(s): Hrtonova V; Nejedly P; Travnicek V; Cimbalnik J; Matouskova B; Pail M; Peter-Derex L; Grova C; Gotman J; Halamek J; Jurak P; Brazdil M; Klimes P; Frauscher B;

Introduction: Precise localization of the epileptogenic zone is critical for successful epilepsy surgery. However, imbalanced datasets in terms of epileptic vs. normal electrode contacts and a lack of standardized evaluation guidelines hinder the consistent evaluation of automatic machine learnin ...

Article GUID: 39608298

Author(s): Tekin O; Trofimovich P;

As migrants holding temporary, foreign-resident status in their host communities, international students often experience prejudice and have little meaningful contact with locals. To date, a comprehensive account of international students' experience is lacking, and existing conceptualizations exclude linguistic threat as a potential source of increas ...

Article GUID: 39606194

Author(s): Patrick Viet-Quoc N; Thien Thanh DV; Philippe L; Sebastien C; Lidia S; Philippe D;

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy in improving sleep quality and safety of hypnotics in individuals aged 65 years or older compared to those under 65 years. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and EBM Reviews were searched for randomized clinical trials comparing hypnotics to the placebo in adults with chron ...

Article GUID: 39603114

Author(s): Infantino E; Barnett TA; Côté-Lussier C; Van Hulst A; Henderson M; Mathieu ME; Sabiston C; Kakinami L;

Background: Physical characteristics and perceptions of an environment can have enduring effects on one's mental health. The present study aimed to determine whether a set of measures of neighborhood safety - independent built environment features, parents' perception of neighborhood safe ...

Article GUID: 39604905

Author(s): Wolfe D; Dover G; Boily M; Fortin M;

Background/objectives: Individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP) have altered lumbar multifidus stiffness properties compared to healthy controls. Although neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) application to the multifidus might affect stiffness, this has never been investigated. The aims of this study were to examine the effect of a single NME ...

Article GUID: 39594260