1 Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche - CENIR, Paris, France; Laboratoire SAMOVAR, Télécom SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, France. Electronic address: laetitia.jeancolas@icm-institute.org.
2 Sorbonne University, Inserm, CNRS, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, Clinical Investigation Center for Neurosciences, Paris, France.
3 Laboratoire SAMOVAR, Télécom SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, France.
4 PERFORM Centre, Electrical & Computer Engineering Department, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
5 Sorbonne University, Inserm, CNRS, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sleep Disorders Unit, Paris, France.
6 Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche - CENIR, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, Inserm, CNRS, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neuroradiology, Paris, France.

CONCLUSION: This study provides new insight in the characterization of sex-dependent early PD speech impairments, and demonstrates the valuable benefit of including automated voice analysis in future diagnostic procedures of prodromal PD.