1 Research Center, CIUSSS Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal, 5400 Gouin Street West, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada.
2 Research Center, CIUSSS Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal, 5400 Gouin Street West, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada; Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, 90 Vincent d'Indy Avenue, Montreal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada.
3 Research Center, CIUSSS Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal, 5400 Gouin Street West, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada; École de santé publique, Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Université de Montréal, 7101 Parc Avenue, Montreal, QC H3N 1X7, Canada.
4 Mount Sinai Hospital Center, 5690 boul Cavendish, Montreal, QC H4W 1S7, Canada; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3605 De la Montagne Street, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada.
5 Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal, 4565 Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada; Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
6 Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, 3560 Bathurst Street, North York, ON M6A 2E1, Canada.
7 Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada.
8 Sleep Centre, Foothills Medical Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
9 Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 317 - 2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Leon Judah Blackmore Sleep Disorders Program, University of British Columbia Hospital, 2211 Wesbrook Mall UBC Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada.
10 Research Centre on Aging, University Institute of Geriatrics of Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, 1036 Belvédère Street South, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada; University of Sherbrooke, 2500 Université Boulevard, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada.
11 Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Respiratory Division and Sleep Laboratory, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, 3605 De la Montagne Street, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada.
12 Research Center, CIUSSS Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal, 5400 Gouin Street West, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada; Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, 100 Sherbrooke Street Ouest, Montreal, QC H2X 3P2, Canada.
13 LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Crescent West, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada.
14 Research Center, CIUSSS Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal, 5400 Gouin Street West, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada; Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, 90 Vincent d'Indy Avenue, Montreal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada. Electronic address: nadia.gosselin@umontreal.ca.

CONCLUSIONS: Being at high-risk for obstructive sleep apnea is associated with poorer cognition in women aged <70 years. These associations were partly mediated by systemic inflammation. These results underscore the importance of obstructive sleep apnea diagnosis, treatment and appropriate follow-up, particularly in middle-aged women who might already show signs of early cognitive impairments.