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Oil spills in coastal regions of the Arctic and Subarctic: Environmental impacts, response tactics, and preparedness

Author(s): Bi H; Wang Z; Yue R; Sui J; Mulligan CN; Lee K; Pegau S; Chen Z; An C;

Coastal areas of the Arctic and Subarctic are vulnerable to accidental oil spills, impacting the ecosystem, society, and economy. This article provides a comprehensive overview of oil spill pollution issues in cold regions, focusing on environmental impacts, oil transport and fate, coastal/shoreline response measures, and the state of current internationa ...

Article GUID: 39689468


Crowd Counting Using Meta-Test-Time Adaptation

Author(s): Ma C; Neri F; Gu L; Wang Z; Wang J; Qing A; Wang Y;

Machine learning algorithms are commonly used for quickly and efficiently counting people from a crowd. Test-time adaptation methods for crowd counting adjust model parameters and employ additional data augmentation to better adapt the model to the specific conditions encountered during testing. The majority of current studies concentrate on unsupervised ...

Article GUID: 39252679


Intrinsic structural covariation links cerebellum subregions to the cerebral cortex

Author(s): Wang Z; Diedrichsen J; Saltoun K; Steele C; Arnold-Anteraper SR; Yeo BTT; Schmahmann JD; Bzdok D;

The human cerebellum is increasingly recognized to be involved in non-motor and higher-order cognitive functions. Yet, its ties with the entire cerebral cortex have not been holistically studied in a whole-brain exploration with a unified analytical framework. Here, we characterized dissociable c ...

Article GUID: 39052236


Revealing the Freezing-Induced Alteration in Microplastic Behavior and Its Implication for the Microplastics Released from Seasonal Ice

Author(s): Chen Z; Elektorowicz M; An C; Tian X; Wang Z; Yang X; Lyu L;

Ice can serve as a significant temporary repository and conveyance mechanism for microplastics (MPs). MPs present in the water column can become entrapped within developing ice formations, subsequently being sequestered and transported by ice floes. With changing temperatures, MPs stored in ice can be released back into the environment, while freezing con ...

Article GUID: 39031076


Effect of nanobubbles on the mobilization of microplastics in shorelines subject to seawater infiltration

Author(s): Wang Z; Lee K; Feng Q; An C; Chen Z;

The widespread presence of microplastics (MPs) in the ocean has varying degrees of impact on ecosystems and even human health. Coastal tidal zones are crucial in controlling the movement of MPs, which are influenced by waves and tidal forces. Meanwhile, natural nanobubbles (NBs) in the ocean can affect the hydrodynamic properties of the tidal zone. The mo ...

Article GUID: 38604304


Prolonged drying impedes the detachment of microplastics in unsaturated substrate: Role of flow regimes

Author(s): Feng Q; Chen Z; Huang G; An C; Yang X; Wang Z;

The detachment of microplastics (MPs) from porous media under different moisture conditions and flow regimes has garnered limited attention within the research community. The present study investigates the detachment of MPs from porous media under wet and dry conditions combined with steady and transient flow. For both the wet and dry conditions, the incr ...

Article GUID: 38340454


Exosome-targeted delivery of METTL14 regulates NFATc1 m6A methylation levels to correct osteoclast-induced bone resorption

Author(s): Yang JG; Sun B; Wang Z; Li X; Gao JH; Qian JJ; Li J; Wei WJ; Zhang P; Wang W;

Osteoporosis has a profound influence on public health. First-line bisphosphonates often cause osteonecrosis of the jaw meanwhile inhibiting osteoclasts. Therefore, it is important to develop effective treatments. The results of this study showed that the increased level of NFATc1 m6A methylation caused by zoledronic acid (ZOL), with 4249A as the function ...

Article GUID: 37957146


Overlooked Role of Bulk Nanobubbles in the Alteration and Motion of Microplastics in the Ocean Environment

Author(s): Wang Z; An C; Lee K; Feng Q;

The increasing enrichment of microplastics (MPs) in the shoreline environment poses both ecological and social-economic risks. The alteration and motion of MPs in the ocean under the effect of bulk nanobubbles (NBs) have been less extensively studied. In this study, we explored the behavior and movement of various MPs in the presence of bulk NBs. The role ...

Article GUID: 37477614


Identification of the driving factors of microplastic load and morphology in estuaries for improving monitoring and management strategies: A global meta-analysis

Author(s): Feng Q; An C; Chen Z; Lee K; Wang Z;

Estuaries are one of the primary pathways for transferring microplastics (MPs) from the land to the ocean. A comprehensive understanding of the load, morphological characteristics, driving factors, and potential risks of MPs in estuaries is imperative to inform reliable management in this critical transboundary area. Extracted from 135 publications, a glo ...

Article GUID: 37336353


Insights into the abiotic fragmentation of biodegradable mulches under accelerated weathering conditions

Author(s): Cai M; Qi Z; Guy C; An C; Chen X; Wang Z; Feng Q;

Biodegradable mulches (BMs) can be tilled into soils to mitigate disposal and environmental problems. However, the content of biodegradable microplastics (BMPs) would increase with the addition of biodegradable macroplastics (BMaPs). The fragmented particles have a strong affinity to soil pollutants, having the potential to transfer via the terrestrial fo ...

Article GUID: 37104954


Tide-induced infiltration and resuspension of microplastics in shorelines: Insights from tidal tank experiments

Author(s): Feng Q; Chen Z; An C; Yang X; Wang Z;

In the present study, the infiltration and resuspension of microplastics (MPs) in a slope substrate under the influence of repeated tidal forces were investigated using a tidal tank. In the scenario in which MPs were placed on the top of the slope, increasing numbers of particles were observed on the water surface with the increase in tidal cycles. More p ...

Article GUID: 37084574


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