1 Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.
2 Department of Psychology, The University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
3 Department of Psychology, Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
4 Department of Psychology, Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.
5 Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.

Postretrieval Extinction Attenuates Alcohol Cue Reactivity in Rats.

Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2017 03;41(3):608-617

Authors: Cofresí RU, Lewis SM, Chaudhri N, Lee HJ, Monfils MH, Gonzales RA

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Conditioned responses to alcohol-associated cues can hinder recovery from alcohol use disorder (AUD). Cue exposure (extinction) therapy (CET) can reduce reactivity to alcohol cues, but its efficacy is limited by phenomena such as spontaneous recovery and reinstatement that can cause a return of conditioned responding after extinction. Using a preclinical model of alcohol cue reactivity in rats, we evaluated whether the efficacy of alcohol CET could be improved by conducting CET during the memory reconsolidation window after retrieval of cue-alcohol associations.

METHODS: Rats were provided with intermittent access to unsweetened alcohol. Rats were then trained to predict alcohol access based on a visual cue. Next, rats were treated with either standard extinction (n = 14) or postretrieval extinction (n = 13). Rats were then tested for long-term memory of extinction and susceptibility to spontaneous recovery and reinstatement.

RESULTS: Despite equivalent extinction, rats treated with postretrieval extinction exhibited reduced spontaneous recovery and reinstatement relative to rats treated with standard extinction.

CONCLUSIONS: Postretrieval CET shows promise for persistently attenuating the risk to relapse posed by alcohol cues in individuals with AUD.

PMID: 28169439 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]