1 Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
2 Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
3 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC.

Expectancy Reduces Symptoms but not Functional Impairment Following Exercise-induced Musculoskeletal Injury.

Clin J Pain. 2018 Jan;34(1):1-7

Authors: Hedderson WC, Dover GC, George SZ, Crow JA, Borsa PA

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To quantify the extent to which the participant-provider interaction influences the response to sham treatment following exercised-induced acute musculoskeletal pain.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 40 participants between the ages of 18 and 35 volunteered for the study. Participants came to the laboratory for 3 test sessions 48-hour apart (day 1, 3, and 5). During the initial session, baseline measures were assessed and participants underwent a fatigue protocol for the biceps brachii. Participants were then assigned to a positive expectation or a no-expectation condition before receiving a sham laser therapy treatment. The positive expectation group received symptom improvement priming before their sham treatment. Participants allocated to the no-expectation condition received no feedback before the sham treatment. Maximum voluntary isometric contraction; relaxed elbow angle; visual analog scale; and the QuickDash questionnaire were used as outcome measures.

RESULTS: The positive expectation group had a significant reduction in perceived pain compared with the no-expectation group at day 3 follow-up, with the mean scores being 34.65 mm (SE=4.44) compared with 49.4 mm (SE=5.79), respectively. There were no between-group differences with respect to maximum voluntary isometric contraction, QuickDash, or relaxed elbow angle outcomes. In addition, there were no significant between-group differences observed with expected pain on follow-up visits, the effect sizes were d=0.26 on day 1 for day 3 and d=0.51 on day for day 5.

DISCUSSION: Positive expectations before a sham treatment enhanced reduction in pain intensity but did not improve functional impairments following exercise-induced acute musculoskeletal injury.

PMID: 28157138 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]